Experts have pointed to new laws and increased police militarisation as factors leading to clashes in Sydney on Monday night. NSW Police have been criticised by human rights groups and experts who allege officers used excessive force against protesters rallying against Israeli President Isaac Herzog's arrival in Sydney on Monday. In the event's aftermath, videos spread on social media appearing to show NSW Police officers pinning down and repeatedly punching protesters, violently dispersing people kneeling in prayer, punching civilians lying on the ground, and charging at and pepper-spraying protesters. Police said scuffles broke out, with 27 people arrested and taken to police stations across Sydney, while NSW Police assistant commissioner Peter McKenna said police actions were "justified" and he was "very proud" of their conduct.