One Nation leader Pauline Hanson has criticised an Australian Army cultural training program that involved soldiers learning traditional Indigenous weapon-making techniques, arguing that Defence should focus more heavily on modern military preparedness.

The exercise, known as Exercise Greenskin, was recently conducted in Canberra and formed part of a broader Defence initiative aimed at improving understanding of Aboriginal military history, Indigenous cultural heritage, and the historical connection between local Indigenous communities and Army units.

During the four-day program, participants learned how traditional tools and weapons such as wooden spears, clubs, axes and coolamons were made. Soldiers also took part in cultural education activities and tours conducted in partnership with the Ngunnawal people, the Traditional Custodians of the Canberra region.

Army organisers said the objective was not combat training but rather education and leadership development. Officials involved in the exercise stated that understanding local Indigenous history helps strengthen unit identity and provides greater awareness of Australia's military heritage before European settlement.

Major Samuel White, who oversaw the activity, said the program was designed to give both Indigenous and non-Indigenous service members a deeper appreciation of Aboriginal history and culture. Defence representatives also noted that culturally approved Indigenous artefacts could potentially be displayed or carried for ceremonial and commemorative purposes within military units.

However, Senator Hanson publicly criticised the initiative, arguing that Defence resources should be directed towards modern warfare capabilities such as advanced weapons systems, drones, and combat readiness. She described the exercise as an example of what she considers excessive political correctness within Defence.

Particular attention was drawn to photographs released by Defence showing participants using modern tools while crafting traditional items. Hanson used those images to question the authenticity and value of the activity, while emphasising that her criticism was directed at Defence leadership rather than serving personnel.

The exercise is not a new initiative. Defence has conducted several Exercise Greenskin programs in recent years across different parts of Australia, including northern regions such as Arnhem Land and the Torres Strait. Approximately 60 personnel have participated in the various programs to date.

The debate highlights broader discussions about the role of cultural education within Australia's military forces. Supporters argue that understanding Indigenous history and traditions strengthens leadership, inclusion, and national identity, while critics contend that military training should remain focused primarily on operational and defence capabilities.

Defence Minister Richard Marles had not publicly responded to the criticism at the time of reporting.